Chiral <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-formyl amino alcohol as Lewis basic organocatalyst for enantioselective hydrosilylation of ketimines

Easily accessible (1R,2S)-1,2-diphenyl-2-formamidoethanol has been developed as an effective Lewis base catalyst in the enanti-oselective hydrosilylation of ketimines, affording high isolated yields (up to 94%) and moderate to high enantioselectivities (up to 82% ee) for a broad range of ketimines.     

Impact of technology advances on China’s CO2 emission reduction

Global warming tends to be the major characteristics of the dramatic global climate change. To deal with these changes, the impact of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emission on Chinese future economic and social development has to be assessed. In this paper, a Regional Integrated model of Climate and the Economy (RICE), which is well known and accepted widely, has been used for Chinese economic assessment of climate change after introduction, assimilation and verification. Based on a sensitivity analysis of technical parameters in the RICE model and constrained targets proposed for energy saving and emissions reduction technological advance programs of China from 2000 to 2050, the economic impact of the programs is examined. The results indicate that when technology advances, Chinese CO₂ emission, climate loss, and the growth rate of atmospheric CO₂ concentration and temperature will all decrease. It is assumed that in 2010, the CO₂ emission is 20% lower than in 2005, CO₂emission in 2050 would only double the level in 2000, the accumulative CO₂ emission would be decreased by 12.4 GtC, and the atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature in 2050 would reduce by 35 GtC and 0.04°C respectively from 2000 to 2050. The accumulative climate loss from 2000 to 2050 will drop down by 4.6 billion dollar, which only accounts for 6% of the global total benefits. However, the economic benefit the developed countries will obtain is 10 times that for China under such a technological advance scenario. The decrease of the CO₂ emission control rate is 1% in cooperation policy while 4.6% in non-cooperation policy, which would relieve China’s burden in the control of CO₂ total emission and thereby benefit China in participation of the international cooperation for CO₂ emission reduction.     

冷凝式燃气热水器级间连接段流场分析

通过对冷凝式燃气热水器内部烟气流场的分析,提出了用收缩烟道连接冷凝式燃气热水器的两级换热器,并在冷凝段下方布置带孔斜板收集冷凝水的新型结构,用数值模拟方法对级间连接段的流场进行了研究。研究发现,收缩段的结构对冷凝式燃气热水器的性能有重要影响,其斜板的倾角和板上孔的分布以及换热管的排列存在着最佳结构,采用该结构的收缩段,可以使烟气以较高的速度均匀地流过冷凝换热管,从而有效地提高其换热效率。     

城市系统灾害恢复力研究综述

近年来,灾害恢复力逐步成为灾害研究和实务工作关注的核心议题。通过对灾害恢复力文献的回顾,对其概念发展进行了较全面的梳理,并概括了灾害恢复力概念中的3个关键共识点,论述了城市系统灾害恢复力的5个特征要素,即社会、经济、制度、基础设施和环境系统恢复力,总结了城市系统灾害恢复力的普遍定量分析方法和具体测度模型,分析了城市系统提升灾害恢复力的有效措施,并在此基础上对灾害恢复力未来研究进行了展望,提出了研究的关键问题和进一步研究的建议。     

致密气藏中防水锁剂的筛选方法及其微观机理

致密气藏物性差,只有通过水力压裂才能获得工业产能。在压裂过程中,水相压裂液侵入储层后会产生水锁现象,对储层造成伤害,严重影响致密气藏的产量。在压裂液中添加防水锁剂可以有效降低水锁带来的伤害。为了揭示防水锁剂降低水锁提高产量的机理,本文以DME稀释微乳液为例,首先通过表面张力实验,测试了DME稀释微乳液的表面张力随浓度的变化关系,并得到最佳的添加浓度;然后通过接触角实验评价了DME稀释微乳液的改变润湿性作用;之后结合自发渗吸和渗透率恢复率实验证明了DME稀释微乳液的降水锁功能;同时借助核磁共振研究了渗吸过程中水相进入不同大小孔喉的顺序以及渗吸采收率。本文还建立了一种有效评价防水锁剂的方法,为现场施工筛选此类添加剂提供了指导。     

改进的舰船维修费案例调整模型

为提高舰船维修费案例的调整效果,遵循着调整知识产生、调整知识约简和调整知识推理的建模过程,提出了一种改进的舰船维修费案例调整模型。在该模型中,采用Policastro的重构方式,利用目标案例的直接和间接相似案例集,产生舰船维修费案例的调整知识;针对调整知识中可能存在冗余、相关性、知识量过于庞大不便于推理等问题,提出了一种既能有效约简调整知识、又能准确衡量调整知识重要度的改进规则约简方法,并给出了具体的实现算法;为提高知识推理的效率,采用具有强泛化能力和出色学习能力的最小二乘支持向量机（least square support vector machine,LSSVM）,构建了舰船维修费案例调整知识推理模型,并基于遗传算法（genetic algorithm,GA）和交叉验证方法,对推理模型的有关参数进行了优化。实例结果表明,与其他案例调整模型相比,所提模型在调整精度上要远远好于其他模型,所提模型是科学、有效的。     

基于全方位优化算法的改进马田系统分类方法

针对马田系统的若干不足, 提出一种改进的马田系统优化模型, 其核心思想是 根据分类问题的目的和特点提出若干优化目标, 采用优化模型替代正交表和信噪比筛选关键变量. 针对模型的特点, 采用了一种全方位优化算法进行求解. 通过对4个 UCI数据集的算例分析表明, 该方法不仅有较好的分类精度, 且能筛选关键变量, 降维效果明显. 最后对一个实际生产案例 进行了研究, 结果表明该方法在保持高分类效率的情况下, 能够显著减少质量检测变量, 降低成本, 提高生产效率.     

线性需求下的产品召回成本分担和质量激励

讨论了产品召回中的成本分担和质量激励问题. 通过引入根源分析的成本分担合同, 在考虑线性市场需求的情况下, 制造商和供应商都可以通过努力来改进产品质量, 运用上模博弈理论证明了分散式供应链的纳什最优均衡解的存在性. 根源分析的成本分担合同使制造商和供应商的努力水平、质量、价格以及市场份额取得最优, 且最大化了各自的利润. 在根源分析成本可忽略的情况下, 供应链是协调的.     

强制减排机制下政府与企业之间的博弈分析

强制减排机制是一种实现碳减排的有效途径之一,通过建立强制减排机制下企业生产的优化模型,说明企业存在突破强制减排政策的动机进行超额排放和政府加强减排监督管理的必要性,进而建立了政府与企业之间的碳减排博弈,并根据该博弈的纳什均衡特性提出相关的政策建议以提高强制减排政策的效率。     

Dynamic model and simulation of aseismatic system about laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly based on MSTMM

The precision of the laser gyro used in tactical missiles is poor because of dithering frequency,actuating by vibration,shock and overload in dynamical environment.This paper introduces the transfer matrix method of the multibody system(MSTMM),establishes the dynamic model of the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly aseismatic system,and analyzes the precision affected by dithering of the laser gyro and shocking of the tactical missile.And the dynamic response of the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly aseismatic system is obtained by simulating the multibody system model.The simulation result indicates a theoretical idea to design the vibration isolation for the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly.